The great ancient Greek scientist, mathematician, physicist, mechanic, and engineer Archimedes lived from 287 to 212 BC in Syracuse. He laid the foundations of hydrostatics and classical mechanics, and was far ahead of his time in mathematical calculations.
Key achievements and discoveries:
Archimedes’ principle: Any body immersed in a liquid or gas experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the displaced liquid or gas.
Lever rule: He described the mathematical principles of the lever and uttered the famous phrase: “Give me a fulcrum, and I will move the Earth.”
The “Archimedes screw” became widely known as a mechanism for lifting water from wells or irrigating fields.
Mathematics: He calculated the exact value of pi and found ways to determine the areas and volumes of complex geometric shapes (spheres, cylinders).
The scientist’s name is associated with the exclamation “Eureka!” (meaning “Found it!”).
According to legend, he grasped the essence of the law of hydrostatics while taking a bath, after which he ran naked into the streets of Syracuse, screaming with joy.
The essence of Archimedes’ principle is that any body within a liquid or gas experiences a buoyant force. This force pushes the object upward. It is equal to the weight of the volume of liquid or gas displaced by the body’s descent.
The main rules:
If the weight of an object is greater than the buoyant force, the object sinks.
If the force of water or air is equal to the weight of the object, the object floats at any depth.
If the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object, it floats to the surface.
The great ancient Greek scientist Archimedes became famous for his laws of physics, complex mathematical calculations, and ingenious inventions that were thousands of years ahead of his time.
Prepared by T.Bolormaa
